Computer freezes up and doesn't respond

Recently my computer started a problem. While I was on it the computer freezes up and doesn't respond to me pushing the power supply, so I hold the button down to force shut down the computer. Then I turn it back on, lights and fans come on (I know that doesn't mean much) and nothing. After a bit of searching I end up with the solution to remove the RAM, GPU, Mobo batters, and use the jumper to reset the CMOS. Now it works again, but being worried this could happen again and possibly even cause something that can't be fixed, I was curious if someone may know what may have caused this?

Specs:

Windows 7 Ultimate 64-bit
CPU: AMD Phenom II X4 955 Processor 3.20 GHz (MS-7599)
4.00 GB RAM
PSU: EVGA 500 W1, 80+ WHITE 500W
GPU: XFX RX-460P2SFG5 AMD Radeon 2GB