File formats and extensions
What is a MIME type?
The MIME type (Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions) is a standard that was proposed by the Bell Communications laboratories in 1991 to broaden the possibilities of email, involving insertion of documents (images, sounds and text) into a message.
Since then, the MIME type is used to format both documents attached to a message and documents transferred by the HTTP protocol. Thus during a transaction between a web server and an internet browser, the web server first sends the MIME type of the file sent to the browser, so that the browser knows how to display the document.
A MIME type is comprised as follows:
Content-type: main_mime_type/mime_sub_typeA GIF image, for example, has the following MIME type:
Content-type: image/gif
List of MIME types
| MIME Type | Type of file | Associated extension |
|---|---|---|
| application/acad | AutoCAD files | dwg |
| application/clariscad | ClarisCAD files | ccad |
| application/drafting | Prelude drafting MATRA files | drw |
| application/dxf | AutoCAD files | dxf |
| application/i-deas | I-deas SDRC files | unv |
| application/iges | CAO IGES exchange format | igs,iges |
| application/octet-stream | Non-interpreted binary files | bin |
| application/oda | ODA files | oda |
| application/pdf | Adobe Acrobat files | |
| application/postscript | PostScript files | ai,eps,ps |
| application/pro_eng | ProEngineer files | prt |
| application/rtf | Rich text format | rtf |
| application/set | CAO SET files | set |
| application/sla | Stereolithography files | stl |
| application/solids | Solids MATRA files | dwg |
| application/step | STEP data files | step |
| application/vda | Surface files | vda |
| application/x-mif | Framemaker files | mif |
| application/x-csh | C-Shell Script (UNIX) | dwg |
| application/x-dvi | Dvi text files | dvi |
| application/hdf | Data files | hdf |
| application/x-latex | LaTEX files | latex |
| application/x-netcdf | NetCDF files | nc,cdf |
| application/x-sh | Bourne Shell Script | dwg |
| application/x-tcl | Tcl script | tcl |
| application/x-tex | Tex files | tex |
| application/x-texinfo | eMacs files | texinfo,texi |
| application/x-troff | Troff files | t,tr,troff |
| application/x-troff-man | Troff/macro man files | man |
| application/x-troff-me | Troff/macro ME files | me |
| application/x-troff-ms | Troff/macro MS files | ms |
| application/x-wais-source | Wais Source | src |
| application/x-bcpio | Binary CPIO | bcpio |
| application/x-cpio | Posix CPIO | cpio |
| application/x-gtar | GNU tar | gtar |
| application/x-shar | Shell archives | shar |
| application/x-sv4cpio | SVR4n CPIO | sv4cpio |
| application/x-sv4crc | SVR4 CPIO with CRC | sc4crc |
| application/x-tar | Compressed tar files | tar |
| application/x-ustar | Compressed Posix tar files | man |
| application/zip | Compressed ZIP files | man |
| audio/basic | Basic audio files | au,snd |
| audio/x-aiff | AIFF audio files | aif,aiff,aifc |
| audio/x-wav | Wave audio files | wav |
| image/gif | Gif images | man |
| image/ief | Exchange format images | ief |
| image/jpeg | Jpeg images | jpg,jpeg,jpe |
| image/tiff | Tiff images | tiff,tif |
| image/x-cmu-raster | Cmu raster | cmu |
| image/x-portable-anymap | PBM Anymap files | pnm |
| image/x-portable-bitmap | PBM Bitmap files | pbm |
| image/x-portable-graymap | PBM Graymap files | pgm |
| image/x-portable-pixmap | PBM Pixmap files | ppm |
| image/x-rgb | RGB image | rgb |
| image/x-xbitmap | X Bitmap images | xbm |
| image/x-xpixmap | X Pixmap images | xpm |
| image/x-xwindowdump | X Window dump images | man |
| multipart/x-zip | Zip archive files | zip |
| multipart/x-gzip | GNU zip archive files | gz,gzip |
| text/html | HTML files | htm,html |
| text/plain | Unformatted text files | txt,g,h,c,cc,hh,m,f90 |
| text/richtext | Rich text files | rtx |
| text/tab-separated-value | Text files with separation of values | tsv |
| text/x-setext | Struct text files | etx |
| video/mpeg | MPEG videos | mpeg,mpg,mpe |
| video/quicktime | QuickTime videos | qt,mov |
| video/msvideo | Microsoft Windows videos | avi |
| video/x-sgi-movie | MoviePlayer videos | movie |
This document, titled « File formats and extensions », is available under the Creative Commons license. Any copy, reuse, or modification of the content should be sufficiently credited to CCM (ccm.net).
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