Introduction to the HTTP protocol Since 1990 HTTP protocol (HyperText Transfer Protocol) has been the most widely used protocol on the Internet. Version 0.9 was only intended to transfer data over the Internet (in particular Web pages ... Read more
autorun - autorun.exe The process autorun.exe (autorun) is a generic Windows 98/NT/Me/2000/XP process which automatically runs a program from a CD-ROM when the CD is inserted in the disk drive. The process autorun is not in any way a virus ... Read more
The NTFS file system The NTFS file system (New Technology File System) is based on a structure called the "master file table" or MFT, which is able to hold detailed information on files. This system allows the use of long names, but, ... Read more
Introduction to intrusion detection systems An IDS (Intrusion Detection System) is the term for a mechanism which quietly listens to network traffic in order to detect abnormal or suspicious activity, thereby reducing the risk of intrusion ... Read more
The characteristics of TCP protocol TCP (which means Transmission Control Protocol) is one of the main protocols of the transport layer of the TCP/IP model. It makes it possible, at application level, to manage data coming from (or going ... Read more
Introduction to computer monitors A monitor (or screen) is a computer display unit. There are generally said to be two families of monitors: Cathode-ray tube monitors (or CRT for short), which are used with most desktop computers. They are ... Read more
A quick history of the modem The first coding to enable long distance communication was Morse, which was developed by Samuel F.B Morse in 1844. This code is made up of dots and dashes (a sort of binary language...) and made it possible to ... Read more
The Compact Disc was invented by Sony and Philips in 1981 in order to serve as a high-quality compact audio storage device which allowed for direct access to digital sound tracks. It was officially launched in October 1982. In 1984, the ... Read more
The field of the IT concerning the creation and the handling of digital images is called computer graphics. Computer graphics cover various areas of knowledge, including the representation of graphic elements (text, image or video), as well ... Read more
The BMP format The BMP is one of the simplest formats. It was jointly developed by Microsoft and IBM, which explains why it is particularly widespread on Windows and OS/2 platforms. A BMP file is a bitmap file, i.e. a graphic image file, ... Read more
Introduction to the Klez virus Appearing early in 2002, the Klez virus is still everywhere on networks, and the danger it poses is even higher due to the new variations that keep cropping up (like Klez.e, Klez.g, Klez.h, Klez.i, Klez.k, ... Read more
Using style sheets along with the and tags, you can specify the location of text or images down to the pixel. This is possible with versions 4 and higher of Netscape and Internet Explorer; however, the technique is still problematic and may ... Read more
What is DNS? Each computer directly connected to the Internet has at least one specific IP address. However, users do not want to work with numerical addresses such as 194.153.205.26 but with a domain name or more specifically addresses ( ... Read more
Introduction to ISO Certification Certification is a way to attest, by the intermediary of a third-party certifier, to a company's ability to provide a service, product or system in accordance with client requirements and regulation ... Read more
The Concept of a Worksheet Spreadsheets display data and formulas in a table form (lines and columns) called a worksheet. A worksheet is made of lines (numbered with numbers) and of columns (numbered with letters). The intersection of a ... Read more
Introduction to the GSM standard The GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) network is, at the start of the 21st century, the most commonly used mobile telephony standard in Europe. It is a so-called "second generation" (2G) ... Read more
Introduction to PLC "Power Line Communications" basically means any technology that enables data transfer at narrow or broad band speeds through power lines by using advanced modulation technology. Depending on the country, the institution ... Read more
DB9 connector The DB9 (originally DE-9) connector is an analog 9-pin plug of the D-Subminiature connector family (D-Sub or Sub-D). The DB9 connector is mainly used for serial connections, allowing for the asynchronous transmission of data ... Read more
The term "Employee Relationship Management" (acronym ERM), translate as "management of the relationship with the employees" refers to the use of technologies in the management of human resources. This concept is based on client ... Read more
History of the hard drive The first hard drive was invented in early 1956, at the request of the US Air Force, by the company IBM. It was called the RAMAC 305 (with the name standing for Random Access Method of Accounting and Control), a ... Read more
